Question= The Constitution (74 Amendment) Act, 1992
Answer= In many States local bodies had become weak and ineffective on account of a variety of reasons including the failure to hold local regular election. As a result Urban Local Bodies were not able to perform effectively as vibrant democratic units of self- government.

The Constitution (74 Amendment) Act, 1992. +Harsh Puri Goswami 

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Question= Name one compulsory and one optional function of the Municipal Corporation.
Answer= Compulsory=
{1} Maintenance of records of births and deaths and maintenance and upkeep of cremation and burial ground.
= Optional=
{1} Undertaking Welfare Schemes, organising fares, function, melas.

Name one compulsory and one optional function of the Municipal Corporation.

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Question= State one important function of a Municipal Committee. 
Answer= The one important function of a Municipal Committee is=
{1} Maintenance of records of births and deaths and maintenance and up keep of certain and burial ground. 

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Question= Who is the cheif executive officer of a Municipal Committee.
Answer= The cheif executive officer is an appointee of the state government and usally belongs to the state civil services.

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Question= Who is the Municipal Commissioner. State one of his. How is he appointed.
Answer= The Municipal Commissioner is appointed by the Governor. He is the cheif executive of the corporation.

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Question= How is Municipal corporation set up.
Answer= Municipal corporation is a local- self government unit in big cities. The Municipal corporation carries out its functions through well organised divisions or department. For example, Water supply and sewage disposal undertaking, housing board or Authority, Education Department.   

How is Municipal corporation set up.

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Question=  Define the term urban area.
Answer= An urban area is regarded as one which is a town or a city.    

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Question= Who is the head of the Panchayat Samiti. How is he appointed.
Answer= Chairperson- elected from amongst its own member.

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Question= What is known as the Panchayat Samiti.
Answer= The intermedicate body at the block level is known by different names in different states, like Panchayat Samiti.

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Question= Under the system of local- self government which local body discharges judicial functions in a rural area.
Answer= {1} Nayaya Panchayat.
{2} Panchayati adalat. 

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Question= Who is the head of the village Panchayat.
Answer= Sarpanch is the head of the village Panchayat.

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Question= Name one difference between local government and local- self government unit.
Answer= {1} Local government = In local government the administrative of a locality is looked after by the officials appointed by the state.
{2} Local- self government = Local self government consists of elected representatives. They receive government grants for their activities like sanitation, providing elementary education and settling disputes. 

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Question= Name the three tier institution of the Panchayati Raj.
Answer= The three tier institution of the Panchayati Raj are=
{1} Gram Panchayats at village level.
{2} Panchayat Samiti at block level or middle level.
{3} Zila Parishad at District level.

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Question= What is Gram Sabha.
Answer= Gram Sabha is the general body of each village. The gram sabha elect village panchayat.

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Question= Give two advantages of having local-self government.
Answer= The two advantages of having local-self government are=
{1} The local institution provide a training ground for local leadership and to gain necessary experience for undertaking bigger challenges at the state or the national level.
{2} Local people know their problems well and are best judges of their own needs and requirments.   

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Question= How do the Directive Principles reflect the ideal stated in the Preamble.

Answer= Because the government has to keep these in mind while making laws. These principles contain lofty ideas, deep human thought, belief and knowledge.

How do the Directive Principles reflect the ideal stated in the Preamble.

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Question= Give one example of non- justice right of the citizens.
Answer= To protect and promote the interest of weaker section of the people and in particular, of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, and to protect from the social injustice and exploitation.

Give one example of non- justice right of the citizens.

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Question= Name one important source of Directive Principle.
Answer= {1} The Declaration of the Right of man and citizen of revolutionary France.

Name one important source of Directive Principle.

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Question=  What is known as Directive Principles of state policy.
Answer= The Directive Principles are the guideline to be followed by the government in the governance of the country.

 What is known as Directive Principles of state policy.

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Question= What is know as 'Sapata - Sindhu'
Answer= Sapata - Sindhu is the land of seven rivers - namely Sindhu ( Indus , Ravi , Beas , Satluj , Jhelum , Chenab and Saraswati.

What is know as 'Sapata - Sindhu'

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